ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on January 15, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0338

Author: Anisah Jamaluddin, NY Mohd Yusof, DL Abd Razak, NY Abd Rashid, M. Abdul Manan, A Abd Ghani, S Ramli

Abstract

The current study evaluated the efficacy of Aspergillus oryzae-fermented broken rice (FBR) and rice bran (FRB) extracts in inhibiting photoaging in UVB-irradiated fibroblasts. The FBR and FRB extracts at 50 and 100 µg/mL markedly suppressed intracellular elastase activity and the FRB extract at 100 µg/mL significantly lowered the MMP-1 secretion in UVB-irradiated fibroblasts. Both FRB and FRB extracts also significantly downregulated the expression of MMP-1 and SFE genes in the UVB-irradiated fibroblasts. Furthermore, the substantial elevation of COL1A1 gene expression by FBR and FRB extracts at 50 µg/mL also indicated the potential of these extracts to enhance collagen type 1 synthesis. The present findings indicate that FBR and FRB extracts may potentially serve as functional components to mitigate skin damage caused by UVB radiation. However, further investigation is necessary to ascertain the precise anti-photoaging mechanism.

Keywords: anti-photoaging, broken rice, fibroblast, rice bran, solid-state fermentation

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on April 2, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0077

Author: ChiFeng Tan, XinYing Chew, KhaiWah Khaw, WeiLin Teoh, ZhiLin Chong

Abstract

Rapid advances in big data analytics, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) have transformed algorithmic trading (AT), enabling more accurate prediction of market trends and price movements. Once limited by technological constraints, AT is now wide ly adopted, with a large share of daily trading volume executed by hedge funds, insurance companies, and investment banks using proprietary algorithms. This institutional dominance has concentrated resources and innovation within large corporations, creating barriers that limit access to advanced trading tools for individual investors. This paper addresses this imbalance by proposing a user -centric, open-source algorithmic trading platform designed to democratise access to sophisticated trading technologies. The system integrates a custom-built deep learning model that analyses historical stock data alongside news sentiment to improve trading predictions. The trading infrastructure is implemented using the open - source QuantConnect framework, while decision-making is driven by DL and sentiment analysis techniques. The application was designed, deployed, and rigorously evaluated using standard software performance metrics. Results demonstrate that the proposed system enhances accessibility to state-of-the-art trading strategies, empowering individual investors and promoting a more inclusive, competitive, and innovative stock trading ecosystem.

Keywords: deep learning, investors, open-source, QuantConnect, stock analysis

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on March 27, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0103

Author: Cristobal B. Cayetano, Sheryl M. Balbutan, Vivian U. Villanueva, John Carlo O. Macalagay, Lota A. Creencia

Abstract

The tri-spine horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus Leach, 1819) is an endangered species whose population status and human interactions remain poorly understood in the Philippines. This study aimed to integrate morphometric and allometric analyses of T. tridentatus with fishers’ perceptions to inform species conservation. A total of 118 adult specimens (63 males and 55 females) were measured for prosomal length (PL), opisthosomal length (OL), carapace length (CL), carapace width (CW), telson length (TEL), total length (TL), and body weight (BW). Statistical comparisons using analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant sexual dimorphism, with females exhibiting larger body dimensions than males. Growth patterns differed by sex, with females showing isometric growth for PL and CW, while males exhibited negative allometry for BW. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated strong correlations among morphometric parameters, with the first component explaining 44.7% (males) and 46.4% (females) of total variance. To assess human dimensions, 90 fishers were interviewed across different ethnic groups. Univariate analysis revealed that Visayan fishers were the most supportive of proactive conservation actions, while PCA showed education and age as major factors shaping perception. These findings highlight the ne ed for integrated biological and social approaches to strengthen conservation strategies for T. tridentatus in the Philippines.

Keywords: Bycatch Practices, local ecological knowledge, marine biology, marine conservation survey, Southeast Asia

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on March 25, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0143

Author: Shivamurthy KP, Raju AS

Abstract

This study presents an efficient framework for skin cancer segmentation using Watershed algorithm and classification using Extreme Learning Machine model (ELM) with Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) feature extraction and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction. Segmentation stage exhibits a strong performance indicated through good Dice coefficient and precision value. The classification algorithm achieves 93.5% test accuracy with 91.3% sensitivity and 95.0% specificity on a melanoma classification dataset, demonstrating strong diagnostic capability while maintaining computational efficiency. The PCA reduction preserves 95% variance, enabling the lightweight ELM architecture to train 23 times faster than conventional deep learning approaches while maintaining competitive performance as given by the F1-score of 0.92. Brier score of 0.16 indicates a well calibrated probabilistic output while high negative predictive value suggests reliable prediction. These results suggest that the ELM-PCA-HOG combination offers an effective balance between accuracy and efficiency for clinical decision support systems, particularly in resource-constrained settings.

Keywords: extreme learning machine, image classification, image segmentation, skin cancer classification, watershed algorithm

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on March 17, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0265

Author: Abdurrobbil Falaq Dwi Anggoro, Wardono Wardono, Scolastika Mariani, Bambang Eko Susilo

Abstract

This research bridges a gap in ethnomathematics by exploring non -Euclidean geometry through local culture. We demonstrate that the abstract concepts of Lobachevsky geometry can be intuitively understood using bubu, a traditional Bengkulu fishing trap. This study enriches Indonesian ethnomathematics and provides a pedagogical framework for teaching advanced math. Analysis of the bubu's internal structure reveals hyperbolic characteristics that embody the Lobachevsky Axiom of Parallelism. This axiom, which states that through a point outside a line there are at least two lines parallel to it, is visually reflected in the arrangement of the trap's blades. Our findings show that students grasp the Lobachevsky Parallelism Theorem not through formal proof, but as a conceptual discovery. They logically conclude that if the axiom allows for ‘at least two parallel lines’, then in hyperbolic space, the number must be ‘infinite’. This cognitive process proves how cultural contexts like the bubu can be a powerful learning medium for visualising and understanding complex mathematical principles.

Keywords: Axiom of parallelism, Bengkulu culture, Ethnomathematics, Lobachevsky geometry, Parallel Theorem

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on February 26, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.1632

Author: Nurul Nadia Feizal, Nurriansyuhadah Jasril, Adriana Syuhada Ahmad Najmi, Siti Nor Azizah Ab Halim, Mohd Ikhwan Ismail, Fazleen Haslinda Mohd Hatta

Abstract

Adverse drug reaction (ADRs) remains a concern among the healthcare providers because of its unpredictable nature and the possibility to be life-threatening if left untreated. Carbamazepine and Phenytoin are commonly known to cause Steven-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN). This report aims to summarise on Carbamazepine and Phenytoin -induced SJS/TEN and its association with HLA genes. It is apparent that HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-B*31:01 were the most important alleles responsible for SJS/TEN in reaction to Carbamazepine and Phenytoin. Together with suspected alleles and antiepileptics, a person may have a greater risk of experiencing ADRs rather than those people who do not carry any of the alleles. Pharmacogenetic testing can be implemented in clinical practices before prescription of these two antiepileptics to avoid such reactions.

Keywords: carbamazepine, HLA alleles, phenytoin, Steven Johnson Syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on February 16, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0110

Author: Letisa Derveni, Aida Bendo

Abstract

Sports performance is a complex phenomenon supported by intricate biological mechanisms. This review delves into the intricate interplay between biochemistry and sports performance, highlighting crucial biological pathways that influence athletic potential and the optimisation of recuperation treatments and diet plans. This review focuses on the biochemical processes governing energy metabolism, muscle function, and recovery in athletes, highlighting the role of nutritional biochemistry, ergogenic aids, oxidative stress ma nagement, and biomarker monitoring. A thorough literature search was conducted across databases, focusing on sports biochemistry, exercise physiology, nutrition, and molecular biology. Data from selected studies were synthesi sed and critically analysed. This review explores energy metabolism pathways, proteins, and signa lling networks in athletic activities, muscular contraction, hypertrophy, and exhaustion. It also examines ergogenic aids, antioxidant techniques, macronutrient consumption, and biomarkers for individualised training regimens and fatigue tracking. Focused therapies alter metabolic pathways, enhance athletic performance by optimising energy metabolism, boosting muscle protein synthesis, mitigating oxidative stress, and selecting appropriate ergogenic aids. Sports biochemistry provides a foundation for understanding athletic performance, integrating biochemical knowledge with training and nutritional methods. Future studies aim to develop tailored therapies, identify biomarkers, and clarify ergogenic aid mechanisms, enabling a more scientific and evidence -based approach to sports training.

Keywords: athletic performance, biochemical manipulation, biomarkers, ergogenic aids, muscle biochemistry, oxidative stress

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on February 16, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0187

Author: Cik Ramlah Che Jaafar, Asmadi Mohammed Ghazali, Mohd Ikhwan Ismail

Abstract

Citizen Science (CS) is increasingly recognised in the scientific community due to its ability to generate large volumes of data that require effective management. Libraries play a vital role in supporting CS by acting as central hubs for CS programs, offering Research Data Management (RDM) services, and providing training for researchers and citizen scientists. This paper examines research trends in RDM and CS through a bibliometric analysis of 1,439 publications retrieved from the Scopus database between 2008 and 2024. The data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and Harzing’s Publish or Perish. Results showed that journal articles were the most common publication type, with English as the predominant language. Biological Conservation emerged as the most influential journal, while “Citizen Science” was the most frequently used keyword, followed by “RDM”, “Biodiversity and Conservation”, and “Data Quality Control”. Scientific disciplines dominated the publication output, particularly after 2021. Callaghan, C.T., was identified as the most productive author, with the United States leading in contributions and the Center National de la Recherche Scientifique being the top institution. A total of 31,544 citations were recorded. This study provides valuable insights for researchers, librarians, policymakers, and funding bodies to explore emerging trends, collaboration opportunities, and strategic directions in CS research.

Keywords: academic libraries, Bibliometrics, citizen science, research data management

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on February 16, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0205

Author: Lili Asma Ismail, Sathiya Prakash Sooryanarayana, Prema Muthiah, Noorshazana Mat Rejab, Esther Lau Siew Sieng

Abstract

Refractive error is a critical aspect of child development, as uncorrected vision problems can impact a child's educational and social well-being. This study aims to discover the prevalence of refractive error and visual impairment as well as to investigate the distribution of refractive errors among schoolchildren attending public schools in the Klang Valley in post -COVID-19 era. The examinations conducted were visual acuity testing using the Snellen chart at 3 meters for distance, which was converted to LogMAR notation and the reading chart at 40 cm, cover test, and refraction. In this study, 945 schoolchildren between the ages of 7 and 15 were examined for refractive error. Of the 945 participants, 479 were males (50.7%) and 466 were females (49.3%). The mean age and (standard deviation) of participants was 10.67 (+1.29) years. Overall, the prevalence of refractive errors was 28.5% including 2. 5% for hyperopia and 26% for myopia. The percentage of visual acuity of less than 6/6 was 18.2%. There is a need for public health initiatives to promote frequent eye check-ups and the potential long-term consequences of untreated refractive error.

Keywords: COVID-19, prevalence, refractive error, schoolchildren, visual impairment

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on February 3, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0026

Author: Robert Kosova, Evgjeni Xhafaj, Daniela Halidini Qendraj, Anna Maria Kosova, Neime Gjikaj, Alban Xhafaj

Abstract

This study offers a comprehensive analysis of tourism services in Albania through a survey-based approach, focusing on tourists' perceptions and satisfaction levels. The analysis employs two methods: fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy Z-AHP. The survey, which assessed tourists' views on the country's cultural heritage, natural attractions, and overall appeal, gathered data from a diverse group of both domestic and international visitors. Key findings reveal that tourists are attracted to Albania for its stunning landscapes, historical landmarks, and vibrant local culture. The insights from this study provide valuable implications for Albania's tourism industry, aiding stakeholders in enhancing service delivery and strategic marketing efforts. Policymakers, destination marketers, and service providers can utilise these findings to transform Albania's tourism landscape into a memorable and enticing destination for travellers worldwide.

Keywords: decision matrix, FNIS, FPIS, fuzzy TOPSIS, fuzzy Z-AHP, tourism services

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on January 30, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.0048

Author: Hamzaoui Mohammed, Haddad Louiza, Zeraieb Salah, Sallaye Miloud

Abstract

Information and communication technology clearly affects regional development in several aspects, most notably facilitating access to services. This has led to its widespread adoption, which faces significant geographical and social obstacles that limit it s efficiency. This study aims to assess the state of information and communication technology in the Aurès Mountains of Algeria, with a particular focus on the structure of telephone services in order to illustrate the challenges that hinder regional development. The current situation of telephone communication infrastructure in the area was analysed using geographic information systems, in addition to the construction of a weighted spatial regression model to demonstrate the relationship between the efficiency of telephone services and network coverage variables. The findings revealed that the existi ng infrastructure is constrained by the challenges of terrain and by social factors related to unequal population density and distribution. Based on these aspects, solutions were proposed to improve the effectiveness of telephone services, with an emphasis on addressing the identified gaps to enhance regional development through strategic actions by decision-makers, thereby improving access to services and contri buting to bridging the digital divide in the future.

Keywords: Algeria, Aurès Mountains, coverage towers, Geographically Weighted Regression, telephone services, Viewshed analysis, Weighted Overlay