Potential Usage of Waste Eggshell Powder in Hot Mix Asphalt Modification

ASM Sc. J., 20(2), 2025

Published on December 30, 2025

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2025.0174

Author: M Amin Shafii, WW Wen, Ekarizan Shaffie, Noorasyikin Mohd Noh, Nadra Mutiara Sari

Abstract

Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) is a strong and versatile material widely used in road pavement construction. Despite its cost-effectiveness and extensive application, further research is necessary to improve its sustainability. One promising solution involves incor porating waste eggshell powder as a partial replacement for conventional filler materials. In Malaysia, approximately 20 million eggshells are discarded daily, contributing significantly to landfill waste. This issue can be mitigated by reusing eggshell waste in pavement construction as a replacement material. This study investigates the effect of substituting cement with eggshell powder on the performance of HMA mixtures. Control samples were prepared using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) at 2% and quarry dust at 4%, while modified samples incorporated eggshell powder sieved through a 75 μm sieve at replacement levels of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% by weight of the active filler content. All samples were designed using the Marshall Method and evaluated for stren gth and volumetric properties. Furthermore, the Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) test was conducted to assess moisture susceptibility. The results revealed that the modified sample containing 50% eggshell powder exhibited superior stability, improved volumetric characteristics and greater resistance to moisture damage where the increment of TSR value is about 7 % compared to control sample. These findings indicate that waste eggshell powder has significant potential as a sustainable and eco -friendly filler material in HMA production.

Keywords: eggshell powder, filler, sustainability, TSR, waste