Potential Drug Screening of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd Bioactive Compound against Inhibitor Enoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase (INHA) Mycobacterium tuberculosis

ASM Sc. J., 20(2), 2025

Published on September 12, 2025

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2025.1763

Author: Alyana Mahdavikia Rosyada Yusuf, Wira Eka Putra, Hendra Susanto, Diana Widiastuti, Arief Hidayatullah, Muhammad Fikri Heikal, Sustiprijatno

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a respiratory disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that has remained a global endemic for decades and is expected to persist as a significant health challenge. Its incidence has been rising worldwide, particularly in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. The combined treatment of tuberculosis that was carried out did not have significantly different results from that of a separate treatment. This molecular docking study targeted InhA protein with bioactive compounds from Alpinia galanga. InhA protein is a protein that has been the target of first-line treatment, namely isoniazid. InhA protein plays a role in synthesising mycolic acid, one of the constituents of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell walls. Alpinia galanga has antimicrobial, anti-bacterial and other properties. The docking results showed that four bioactive compounds of Alpinia galanga, namely galanal A, pinobanksin, galangin, and alpinone had lower affinity values than the control drug (isoniazid). Based on the amino acid residues, these four compounds showed better hydrogen and hydrophobic bonding than the control drug (isoniazid). Based on literature studies, these four compounds also have antimicrobial and anti-bacterial properties. Therefore, by targeting InhA through NADH inhibition, the elongation of FAS II can potentially be suppressed.

Keywords: Alpinia galanga, in silico, InhA protein, medicinal plant, Tuberculosis