Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring Using Arduino-Based System

ASM Sc. J., 21(1), 2026

Published on June 15, 2026

https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2026.1000

Author: Izza Izzany Mohd Idris, Nur Ilyani Ramli, Azizul Fahmi Aziz

Abstract

In the current era, access to vital signs monitoring systems is limited in some areas, such as remote areas. This project is an early prototype aimed at validating a non -invasive monitoring system using an Arduino-based platform with an ESP32 Hibiscus. Thi s early stage focuses on real-time body temperature, heart rate, oxygen saturation and blood pressure estimation. The data were obtained from female subjects aged 22 to 28 years over a period of 10 to 15 minutes and validated against standard clinical equipment. The results indicate an accuracy range of 78% to 95% for heart rate, 96%-100% for SpO2, 98% to 100% for body temperature and 79% to 99% for blood pressure estimate. The project presents a low cost and accessible solution for maternal health monitori ng. It differs from existing Arduino-based systems by using a MAP-based blood pressure estimation and the particular subject validation. The findings indicate the practicality of the proposed system as a preliminary tool for remote monitoring with the possibility of future integration with IoT and clinical validation.

Keywords: Arduino, blood pressure, esp32 hibiscus, heart rate, temperature, vital signs